The NOT bitwise operation inverts bits.
A 0 becomes a 1.
A 1 becomes a 0.
The NOT operator is often written as a tilde character ("~"):
~ 0000 0101
= 1111 1010
When numbers are printed in base-10, the result of a NOT operation
can be surprising. In particular, positive numbers can become negative and negative numbers can become positive. For example:
~ 5 // gives -6
// At the bit level:
// ~ 0000 0101 (5)
// = 1111 1010 (-6)
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